Lesson 4.2:4.2 과 Continuing Introductions

~ Lesson 4.2:4.2 과 Continuing Introductions ~

This very short lesson is a continuation of 4.1 and will focus on using yes/no questions and answers, negative equational expressions and a narration.

Quick review Yes/No question.

In order to answer a yes/no question, you will need to involve an affirmation or denial of the content of the question. An affirmative answer is 네, indicating that the content is true. A denial is made with 아니요, indicating that the statement is false. 

카이: 세훈씨 한국 사람이에요?

세훈: 네, 한국 사람이에요. 

세훈:  레이지씨 중국 사람이에요?

레이지:  아니요, 일본 사람이에요.

Negative equational expressions: N1 은/는 N2이/가 아니에요.

N2 is followed by the particle 이/가. 이 is used when N2 ends in a consonant. 가 is used when N2 ends in a vowel.

N1 은 N2이  아니에요            

세훈은  1학년이 아니에요.                Sehun is not a Freshman.

세훈은  미국 사람이  아니에요.        Sehun is not American.

Noun1 ends in a consonant. Noun2 also ends in a consonant. 

N1는  N2가 아니에요.

저는 카이가 아니에요.                         I am not Kai.

저는  라일라가 아니에요.                  I am not Laila.

Noun1 ends in a vowel. Noun2 also ends in a vowel.

Example: 세훈은 선생님이 아니에요. 학생이에요.        Sehun is not a teacher. He is a student.

Example:라일라는 한국 사람이 아니에요. 영국 사람이에요.Laila is not Korean. 

                                                                                                              She is English.

              레이지 도  한국 사람이 아니에요. 일본 사람이에요. Reiji is also not Korean. 

                                                                                                                     He is Japanese.

도 can be used in the second sentence since they are both not Korean. As long as the second sentence is parallel to the first sentence. 

Narration

이 유리 선생님은 한국어 선생님이에요.  한국 사람이에요. 오세훈, 라일라, 김카이, 레이지는  한국어 클레스 학생이에요. 오세훈은 한국 사람이에요. 김카이도 한국 사람이에요. 라일라는 한국 사람이 아니에요. 영국 사람이에요. 레이지도  한국 사람이 아니에요. 일본 사람이에요.

Notice that the narration follow the rules above. 

Conversation practice

카이:      안녕하세요.

               저는 카이 예요.

               이름이 뭐예요?

라일라:  라일라 예요.

               반갑습니다.

카이:      라일라 씨는 스페인 사람이에요?

라일라:  아니요, 스페인 사람아니에요. 영국 사람이에요.

카이:     아, 그래요? 저는 한국 사람이에요.

Remember this conversation from lesson 4.1? If you do, do you notice the difference? That's right the negative equational expression has been added to the conversation this time. 

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Lesson 4.1:4.1 과 Continuing Introductions.

~Lesson 4.1:4.1 과 Continuing Introductions ~

Since you have learned the basic greeting's hello, Who you are, what nationality you are, and what grade level you are in (If you are in school), we will now expand on those concepts. You will also learn in this lesson how to say "I am are not" and "He/She is not"  Next lesson will be a continuation of this lesson it will be 4.2 and focus on Negative expressions by taking what you have learned in this lesson and applying it to a negative expression.

Vocabulary

Teacher                                     선생님                 Class                           클래스           

Suffix attached for courtesy        씨                         Yes/I see/Okay            네

United Kingdom                        영국                      No                              아니요

Japan                                        일본                      Subject particle            이/가

China                                        중국                      To be so                      그렇다/그래요

France                                      프랑스                  Glad to meet you          반갑다/반갑습니다

Spain                                        스페인                   To not be                    아니다/아니에요

Russia                                       러시아                  What                           뭐

English language                        영어                       Oh                              아

Korean language                       한국어/한국말

Name                                       이름

Explanation of some vocabulary

이름이 뭐예요? Translates to What is your name? Using this for meeting everyday people is acceptable however if you are meeting a senior and what to ask their name you have to use the politer version which is 성함이 어떻게 되세요?

When talking about language and nationality and country it is very simple. For example the country Korea is 한국. The Korean language is 한국어 and the Korean people are 한국 사람. Whenever you are talking about that country's language you add 어 to the end except for the United States since we speak English it is just  영어 along with the UK and Australia. And for talking about nationality there isn't a special rule like there is with the language you just add 사람 to the end of the country name.

Talking about nationality

Stating someone's nationality.

카이는 한국 사람이에요.           Kai is Korean

오세훈도 한국 사람이에요.       Oh Sehun is also Korean.'

레이지는 일본 사람이에요.       Reiji is Japanese

라일라는 영국 사람이에요.       Laila is English.

To ask someone their nationality.

If you want to ask someone their nationality it's the same as 이에요. only to make the distinction clear you must raise the tone of your voice to a higher pitch like you want to ask someone a question. When stating someone's nationality you would use a statement tone of voice, a lower tone of voice.

라일라 씨, 미국 사람이에요?     Laila, are you American?
레이지 씨, 중국 사람이에요?     Reiji, are you Chinese?
카이 씨, 일본 사람이에요?         Kai, are you Japanese?
세훈 씨, 한국 사람이에요?         Sehun, are you Korean?

*Adding 씨 after stating someone's first name is polite. Although you don't want to use it when talking about or talking to people older than you.

Answering yes/no to someone asking your nationality. 

라일라:  카이씨 일본 사람이에요?         Laila: "Kai are you Japanese"?
카이:  아니요,  한국 사람이에요.            Kai:   "No, I am Korean".

세훈:  레이지씨 중국 사람이에요?         Sehun: "Reiji are you Chinese"?
레이지:  아니요, 일본 사람이에요.         Reiji:   "No, I am Japanese".

카이: 세훈씨 한국 사람이에요?              Kai: "Sehun are you Korean"?
세훈: 네, 한국 사람이에요.                      Sehun: "Yes, I am Korean".

Asking about school year

The previous questions can also be asked talking about school year as well. It's in the same format just replace the nationality part with a school year and you have your questions and answers.

라일라:  카이씨 일본 사람이에요?  BECOMES  카이씨 1학년이에요?    "Kai are you a Freshman"?
카이:  아니요,  한국 사람이에요.     BECOMES 아니요,  4학년이에요.    "No, I am a Senior".

카이: 세훈씨 한국 사람이에요?   BECOMES   세훈씨 2학년이에요?   "Sehun are you a Sophmore"?

세훈: 네, 한국 사람이에요.           BECOMES   네,  2학년이에요.           "Yes, I am a spohmore".

Talking about teachers and classes

이에요 can also be used when talking about teacher and classes. Note that when they are talking about the teacher they are not indicating that the teacher is chinese. see the difference between 중국어 선생님 The chinese teacher and 중국사람 선생님 The teacher is Chinese. 

카이: 일번어 선생님이에요?                       Kai: "Is this the Japanese teacher"?

레이지: 아니요, 중국어 선생님이에요.      Reiji: "No, This is the Chinese teacher".

라일라: 러시아어 크라스예요?                    Laila: "Is this the Russian class"?

세훈: 아니요, 프랑스어 크라스예요.           Sehun: "No, This is the French class".

Conversation practice

카이:      안녕하세요.

               저는 카이 예요.

               이름이 뭐예요?

라일라:  라일라 예요.

               반갑습니다.

카이:      라일라 씨는 스페인 사람이에요?

라일라:  아니요, 영국 사람이에요.

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Lesson 3: 3 과 First Introductions

~ Lesson 3: 3 과  First Introductions ~

This Lesson will be the first lesson to Focus on conversation, Reading, vocabulary building and writing if you choose to. There will also be a quiz at the end of this lesson . Now that you have basic working knowledge of how to read and pronounce Korean, this lesson should be quite easy. From here on there will be no romanization usage unless to make a point in an explanation. If you are having difficulty reading Hangul go back and practice before you decide to move on to this lesson. Remember keep practicing and reviewing until you get to a point where you feel comfortable. If you are not comfortable with Hangul then you won't be comfortable moving on to the next lesson. If you are not comfortable then it will make it harder for you to learn efficiently. So just be calm and take your time to take everything in.

Vocabulary

 I                        Humble form: 저           Plain Form:   나
Hello                                      안녕하세요
Korea                                          한국
United States                           미국
Lesson, Chapter                      과
Student                                      학생
School year                                학년
Person, People                        사람
College Student                       대학생
Greeting                                      인사
Freshman                                     1학년
Sophomore                                  2학년
Junior                                             3학년
Senior                                            4학년
To be                                              이다(이에요/예요)
Also/Too                                      도
Topic particle (as for)              는 /은

Sino-Korean Numbers

Sino-Korean numbers are used for counting floors of a building, minutes, lessons, years, months, days, dollars, won, miles, school years, serial numbers and weeks. For telephone numbers zero is read as 공.

0                            공/영                      6                         육
1                            일                           7                         칠
2                            이                           8                         팔
3                            삼                           9                         구
4                            사                           10                        십
5                            오

Here is a video of how to pronounce Sino-Korean numbers. She goes Further than ten. So if you would like to get ahead and know how to count to 100 this is a good video to watch. As always practice by repeating after the video and pronounce it out loud.

Introductions

Sentence structure     (Noun1) N1는/은 N2 예요/이에요.
*N1는/은 is the topic.
 N2 예요/이에요 is the comment
Kai and Sehun have just met they are introducing themselves to each other and telling each other what grade they are currently in.
카이:   안녕하세요?                 How are you?/Hello
           저는 카이예요.                I'm Kai
           4학년이에요.                   I'm a senior
오세훈: 안녕하세요?               How are you?/Hello
            오세훈이에요.               I'm Oh Sehun
             2학년이에요.                I'm a sophmore

*Notice that Kai is using 저는 and Sehun is not. This is because the topic has already been brought up by Kai, and since Sehun is also going to introduce himself with the same information it is not necessary for him to repeat  저는 back to Kai. But if Kai started a new topic about himself then he would need to indicate it by using 저는.

*Also take note of the highlighted parts. 는/은  are used in special ways. 은 is used when the noun ends in a consonant. and 는 is used when the noun ends in a vowel. Do you remember in the previous lesson we learned which Hangul were nouns and which ones were consonants? If not it might be a good idea to go back and test yourself. Anyway 는 is used after 저 because it ends in the vowel ㅓ.

*이에요/예요 is similar to 는/은 because like those 이에요 is used when N2 ends in a consonant. 예요 is used when N2 ends in a vowel. Simple right? so since Kai's (카이) name in Hangul ends with  vowel 예요 is used.

Sehun's (세훈) name in Hangul ends with a consonant so 이에요 is used. 

Now try to introduce yourself. 

You:  저는            예요/이에요.      I'm              .

                     학년이에요.              I'm a               .

You can also describe someone with short sentences with the vocabulary that we learned at the beginning! 

오세훈은 학생이에요.                 Oh Sehun is a student.

카이는 한국 사람이에요.            Kai is Korean.

오세훈도 한국 사람이에요.        Oh Sehun is also Korean   *NOTE* Do not use 는/은 with 도.

카이는 4학년이에요.                    Kai is a senior.

Let's make a sentence using Kai and Sehun where they are introducing themselves further.

카이: 저는 카이예요. 4학년이에요. 한국 사람이에요.  I'm Kai. I'm a senior. I'm Korean.

오세훈: 저는 오세훈이에요. 2학년이에요. 저도 한국 사람이에요.  I'm Oh Sehun. I'm a sophmore.                                                                                                                              I'm also korean

Now you try to make a sentence about yourself.  State your name, Your year, and your nationality.

You:  저는                 예요/이에요

                            학년이에요.

                           사람이에요.

You can also pretend to be someone else talking about you and make up some short sentences. Like the ones about Kai and Sehun. 

Here is a video on introducing yourself. I didn't teach the word 입니다. But it is absolutely the same as  예요/이에요. Just more highly polite when Introducing yourself to strangers. But either way is fine for how you want to introduce yourself.

Review Conversation

카이:  안녕하세요?

          저는 카이예요. 

          4학년이에요.

오세훈: 안녕하세요?               

            오세훈이에요.             

             2학년이에요. 

Quiz

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Lesson 2: 2과 Continuing Hangul

 ~ Lesson 2 : 2과 continuing Hangul ~

This lesson is a continuation of lesson 1. This lesson will teach you the rest of the consonants, vowels and will also introduce syllable blocking. 

Vowels continued 

These vowels are also called combined vowels. They take the basic vowels that we learned in lesson 1 and combine them to create more vowels.

Hangul	Pronunciation
ㅐ	ae
ㅒ	yae
ㅔ	e
ㅖ	ye
ㅚ	oe/we
ㅟ	wi
ㅢ	ui
ㅘ	wa
ㅙ	oae/wae
ㅝ	wo
ㅞ	ue/we

As in lesson one here is a video that you can watch to help your practice on pronunciation.

Consonants Continued

Hangul	Pronunciation
ㅈ	ch, j
ㅊ	ch'
ㅋ	k'
ㅌ	t'
ㅍ	p'
ㅎ	h
ㄲ	kk
ㄸ	tt
ㅃ	pp
ㅆ	ss
ㅉ	tch

Here is another video, she focuses on the double consonants. The basic consonant pronunciation is also on the video before this one. Please watch both video's and practice saying the pronunciations. It will help your speech greatly.

Syllable Blocking 

The next area we are going to focus on is syllable blocking.*** From here on you need to know which Hangul is which and what they sound like.*** I have already been using such Hangul blocks during my post title's as lesson plans such as 과. You have also seen them in all the videos that i have been posting. Basically as an example to get the Hangul 과 you need to take the vowels ㄱ, ㅗ ,  andㅏ and combine them. Here is a syllable blocking chart that you can use a reference.





There are many different syllable types, a consonant-vowel types and consonant-vowel-consonant types.
Here are some examples of a consonant-vowel blocking.
 마,  ㅁ is the consonant and ㅏ is the vowel.
부 , ㅂ is the consonant and  ㅜ is the vowel.
뭐 , ㅁ  is the consonant and ㅝ is the vowel.

Here are some examples of consonant-vowel-consonant blocking.
말,  ㅁ is the consonant ㅏ is the vowel ㄹ is the consonant.
문 , ㅁ is the consonant ㅜ is the vowel ㄴ is the consonant.
관 , ㄱis the consonant  ㅘ  is the vowelㄴ is the consonant.
덟 , ㄷ is the consonant ㅓ is the vowel ㄹ is the consonant ㅂ is the consonant.

How about the pronunciation of the these syllable blocks? Well that depends on how the syllable has been blocked. For example 여덟 which is Korean for eight is pronounced 여덜 although this is the incorrect spelling, it is pronounced exactly like that.  여 is yo the ㅇ is silent, remember it is a place holder when in front. When two consonants are combined together such as 덟 only the first or second consonant is pronounced in this case ㅂ is not pronounced only ㄹ is pronounced.

How do i know when to use which sound?

There are some basic rules you need to follow to get the hang of how to pronounce what you are reading.

Rule 1: When then ending syllable is a consonant and it is followed by a vowel in the same word then the consonant pronunciation is carried over to the next syllable.
                          EXAMPLE: 한글은 is pronounced as 한그른  /han gu run and not as hangul un.
Also when a syallable block ends in a double consonants, the second consonant is carried over to the next syallable block.
                          EXAMPLE:  읽거요 is pronounced as 일거요  / il go yo and not as ilk go yo.

Rule 2:  When ㄹ and ㄴ come together the ㄴ sound is replaced by the ㄹ sound.
                          EXAMPLE: 신라 is pronounced as 실라.

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